Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo alaabta ceeriin ah oo dib u celinaysa iyo habab kala duwanaansho ah. Guud ahaan waxaa jira lix qaybood.
Marka hore, marka loo eego qaybaha kiimikaad ee kala soocida alaabta ceeriin ee refractory
Waxa loo qaybin karaa alaabta ceeriin ee oksaydhka ah iyo alaabta ceeriin ee aan oksaydhka ahayn. Horumarinta sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada casriga ah, qaar ka mid ah xeryahooda organic waxay noqdeen agabka horudhaca ama agabka kaaliyaha ee waxqabadka sare ee alaabta ceeriin ee iska caabinta dabka.
Labo, marka loo eego qaybaha kiimikaad ee kala soocida alaabta ceeriin ee refractory
Marka loo eego sifooyinka kiimikada, alaabta ceeriin ee iska caabbinta dabka waxaa loo qaybin karaa alaab cayriin ah oo iska caabbinta dabka aashitada, sida silica, zircon, iwm.; Qalabka cayriin ee iska caabinta dabka dhexdhexaadka ah, sida corundum, bauxite (asiidh), mullite (ashito), pyrite (alkaline), graphite, iwm.; Alaabta ceeriin ee iska caabinta dabka alkaline, sida magnesia, ciid dolomite, ciid magnesia calcium, iwm.
Saddex, marka loo eego habka wax-soo-saarka kala-soocidda shaqada
Marka loo eego doorka ay ku leedahay habka wax soo saarka refractory, alaabta ceeriin ee ceyriinka ah ayaa loo qaybin karaa alaabta ceeriin ee ugu muhiimsan iyo alaabta ceeriin ee caawisa.
Maaddada ugu weyn ee ceyriinka ah waa jirka ugu muhiimsan ee walxaha dib-u-celinta. Agabka cayriin ee caawimada ah waxa loo qaybin karaa xidheyaal iyo wax lagu daro. Shaqada xiraha waa in la sameeyo jirka dib u soo celinta awood ku filan habka wax soo saarka iyo isticmaalka. Inta badan la isticmaalo waa dareeraha qashinka saxarka sulfite, asphalt, resin phenolic, sibidhka aluminate, sodium silicate, fosfooraska acid iyo phosphate, sulfate, iyo qaar ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee ugu muhiimsan laftooda ayaa leh doorka wakiilada isku-xidhka, sida dhoobada isku xiran; Doorka wax lagu daro waa in la hagaajiyo wax soo saarka ama habka dhismaha ee alaabta refractory, ama la xoojiyo qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka alaabta refractory, sida stabilizer, wakiilka biyaha yareeya, inhibitor, plasticizer, firdhiso wakiilka xumbo, wakiilka ballaarinta, antioxidant, iwm.
Afar, marka loo eego dabeecadda aashitada iyo kala soocidda saldhigga
Marka loo eego aashitada iyo alkali, alaabta ceeriin ee dib-u-celinta ayaa inta badan loo qaybin karaa shanta qaybood ee soo socota.
(1) Walxaha cayriin ee aysiidhka ah
Inta badan alaabta ceeriin ee siliceous, sida quartz, squamquartz, quartzite, chalcedony, chert, opal, quartzite, ciid silica cad, diatomite, alaabtan silica ah ee cayriin waxay ka kooban yihiin silica (SiO2) ugu yaraan in ka badan 90%, alaabta ceeriin saafi ah ayaa silica kor u kaca. in ka badan 99%. Alaabta ceeriin ee siliceous waa aashito heerkulka sare ee dhaqdhaqaaqa kiimikaad, marka ay jiraan oksaydhyo bir ah, ama marka ay la xiriirto fal kiimikaad, oo la isku daray silicate fusible. Sidaa darteed, haddii alaabta ceeriin ee siliceous ay ka kooban tahay qadar yar oo oksaydh bir ah, waxay si dhab ah u saameyn doontaa caabbinta kulaylka.
(2) Walxaha cayriin ee badh-asiidh ah
Waxay u badan tahay dhoobada refractory. Kala soociddii hore, dhoobada ayaa lagu taxay sida walxaha acidic, dhab ahaantii kuma habboona. Acidity ee alaabta ceeriin refractory waxay ku salaysan tahay silica lacag la'aan ah (SiO2) sida jidhka ugu weyn, sababtoo ah sida ay ka kooban kiimikada dhoobada refractory iyo alaabta ceeriin siliceous, silica free ee dhoobada refractory aad uga yar yahay alaabta ceeriin siliceous.
Sababtoo ah waxaa jira 30% ~ 45% alumina ee dhoobada guud ee dib-u-celinta, iyo alumina waa dhif iyo naadir xor ah, oo ku xiran in lagu daro silica kaolinite (Al2O3 · 2SiO2 · 2H2O), xitaa haddii ay jirto qadar yar oo silica ah, doorku waa aad u yar. Sidaa darteed, hantida aashitada ee dhoobada refractory aad ayey uga daciifsan tahay tan alaabta ceeriin ee siliceous ah. Dadka qaarkiis waxay aaminsan yihiin in dhoobada refractory ee heerkulku sarreeyo ee silicate bilaash ah, alumina bilaash ah, laakiin aan isbeddelin, silicate bilaash ah iyo alumina bilaash ah ayaa lagu dari doonaa quartz (3Al2O3 · 2SiO2) marka la sii wado kuleylka. Quartz waxay leedahay iska caabin wanaagsan oo acid ah si ay u dheesho alkaline, iyo sababta oo ah kororka ka kooban alumina ee dhoobada refractory, walaxda acid si tartiib tartiib ah u wiiqay, marka alumina gaaray 50%, guryaha alkaline ama dhexdhexaad ah, gaar ahaan ka samaysan leben dhoobo cadaadis sare, cufnaanta sare. , is haysta ganaax, porosity hooseeya, iska caabin ah slag alkaline waa ka xoog badan silica hoos xaaladaha heerkulka sare. Quartz sidoo kale aad ayuu u gaabiyaa marka loo eego nabaad-guurka, sidaas darteed waxaan u aragnaa inay ku habboon tahay in loo kala saaro dhoobada refractory sida semi-ashitada. Dhoobada refractory waa alaabta ceeriin ee aasaasiga ah oo ballaaran loo isticmaalo warshadaha refractory.
(3) alaabta ceeriin dhexdhexaad ah
Alaabada ceeriin ee dhexdhexaadka ah waxay u badan yihiin chromite, graphite, silicon carbide (macmal), xaalad kasta oo heerkul ah ha ka falcelinin aashitada ama alkaliinka. Hadda waxa jira laba walxood oo noocaas ah oo dabiici ah, chromite iyo graphite. Marka lagu daro garaafyada dabiiciga ah, waxaa jira graphite macmal ah, alaabtan ceeriin ee dhexdhexaadka ah, waxay leeyihiin iska caabin weyn oo loo yaqaan 'slag', oo ah kuwa ugu habboon ee alaabta dib-u-soo-celinta alkaline-ka ah iyo xakamaynta acid-ka.
(4) Alaabta ceeriin refractory
Inta badan magnesite (magnesite), dolomite, lime, olivine, serpentine, alumina oxygen sare alaabta ceeriin (mararka qaarkood dhexdhexaad ah), kuwaas oo alaabta ceeriin waxay leeyihiin iska caabin xoog leh si ay slag alkaline, inta badan loo isticmaalo foornada alkaliin ah masonry, laakiin gaar ahaan fudud iyo falcelinta kiimikada slag acid iyo cusbo noqda.
(5) Qalab dib u celin gaar ah
Inta badan zirconia, titanium oxide, beryllium oxide, cerium oxide, thorium oxide, yttrium oxide iyo wixii la mid ah. Qalabkan cayriin waxay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo iska caabin ah dhammaan noocyada kala duwan ee slag, laakiin sababtoo ah ilaha alaabta ceeriin ma aha wax badan, looma isticmaali karo tiro badan oo warshado celin ah, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa oo kaliya xaalado gaar ah, sidaas darteed waxaa loogu yeeraa dab gaar ah. alaabta ceeriin iska caabin ah.
Shan, marka loo eego jiilka soocidda alaabta ceeriin
Sida laga soo xigtay jiilka alaabta ceeriin, waxaa loo qaybin karaa alaabta ceeriin dabiiciga ah iyo alaabta ceeriin synthetic laba qaybood.
(1) alaabta ceeriin ee dabiiciga ah
Qalabka dabiiciga ah ee macdanta dabiiciga ah ayaa weli ah jirka ugu muhiimsan ee alaabta ceeriin. Macdanta ku dhacda dabeecadda waxay ka kooban tahay curiyeyaasha ka kooban iyaga. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa la caddeeyey in wadarta qadarka oksijiinta, Silicon iyo aluminium ee saddexda walxood ay ku xisaabtamaan 90% wadarta guud ee walxaha ku jira qolofka, iyo oxide, silicate iyo aluminosilicate macdanta faa'iidooyinka muuqda, kuwaas oo aad u weyn. kaydka alaabta ceeriin ee dabiiciga ah.
Shiinuhu waxa uu qani ku yahay kheyraadka alaabta ceeriin ee dib u celinaya, noocyo badan oo kala duwan. Magnesite, bauxite, graphite iyo kheyraadka kale waxaa lagu magacaabi karaa saddexda tiir ee alaabta ceeriin ee Shiinaha; Magnesite iyo bauxite, kayd badan, darajo sare; dhoobo tayo sare leh oo tayo sare leh, silica, dolomite, magnesia dolomite, magnesia olivine, serpentine, zircon iyo kheyraad kale ayaa si ballaaran loo qaybiyaa.
Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee alaabta ceeriin ee dabiiciga ah waa: silica, quartz, diatomite, wax, dhoobo, bauxite, alaabta ceeriin macdanta cyanite, magnesite, dolomite, limestone, magnesite olivine, serpentine, talc, chlorite, zircon, plagiozircon, perlite, chromium birta iyo graphite dabiiciga ah.
Six, Sida laga soo xigtay halabuurka kiimikada, alaabta ceeriin refractory dabiiciga ah waxaa loo qaybin karaa:
Siliceous: sida silica crystalline, ciid quartz silica sibidhka, iwm;
② semi-silicous (phyllachite, iwm.)
③ dhoobo: sida dhoobo adag, dhoobo jilicsan, iwm; Isku dar dhoobada iyo dhoobada dhoobada
(4) Aluminium sare: sidoo kale loo yaqaan jaad, sida bauxite sare, macdanta sillimanite;
⑤ Magnesium: magnesite;
⑥ Dolomite;
⑦ Chromite [(Fe,Mg) O·(Cr, Al)2O3];
Zircon (ZrO2 · SiO2).
Maaddooyinka cayriin ee dabiiciga ah sida caadiga ah waxay ka kooban yihiin waxyaabo badan oo wasakh ah, ka kooban yahay mid aan xasilloonayn, waxqabadku si weyn ayuu u isbeddelaa, kaliya dhowr waxyaalood oo cayriin ah ayaa si toos ah loo isticmaali karaa, intooda badan waa in la nadiifiyaa, la qiimeeyaa ama xitaa calcined si ay u buuxiyaan shuruudaha wax soo saarka ee alaabta refractory.
(2) alaabta ceeriin ee iska caabbinta dabka synthetic
Noocyada macdanta dabiiciga ah ee loo isticmaalo alaabta ceeriin ayaa xaddidan, badanaana ma awoodaan inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha tayada sare iyo tiknoolajiyada sare ee qalabka wax-qabadka ee shuruudaha gaarka ah ee warshadaha casriga ah. Maaddooyinka ceyriinka ah ee loo yaqaan 'synthetic refractory' waxay si buuxda u gaari karaan dadka horay loo qorsheeyay ee macdanta kiimikada ah iyo qaab-dhismeedka, qaab-dhismeedkeeda saafiga ah, qaab-dhismeedka cufan, halabuurka kiimikada waa sahlan tahay in la xakameeyo, sidaa darteed tayada waa mid deggan, waxay soo saari kartaa noocyo kala duwan oo ah agabka refractory ee horumarsan, waa cayriin ugu weyn. qalab casri ah oo xirfad sare leh iyo maaddooyinka dib-u-celinta tignoolajiyada sare. Horumarinta agabka refractory synthetic waa mid aad u degdeg badan labaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay.
Maaddooyinka cayriin ee dib-u-soo-celinta ah waxay u badan yihiin magnesium aluminium spinel, mullite synthetic, magnesia biyaha badda, cordierite magnesium synthetic, corundum sintered, titanate aluminium, silicon carbide iyo wixii la mid ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-19-2023
